the intervertebral disc is a fibrocartilaginous cylinder that lies between the vertebrae, joining them together. they permit the flexibility of the spine, and act as shock absorbers. in the lumbar and thoracic regions, they are wedge-shaped; supporting the curvature of the spine.

each vertebral disc has two parts; the nucleus pulposus and annulus fibrosus. the annulus fibrosus is tough and collagenous, and it surrounds the jelly-like nucleus pulposus.

herniation of an intervertebral disc occurs when the nucleus pulposus ruptures, breaking through the annulus fibrosus. the rupture usually occurs in a posterior-lateral direction, after which the nucleus pulposis can irritate nearby spinal nerves, resulting in a variety of neurological and muscular symptoms.

at the initial phase of down swing, a spiral blade of choicy pound will be in a state of retorq by simply contasting itself, with its both ends fixed, which are yx and ar, where um is totally subjected to the two forceful bandits, your head being watching over the show.

when at the late phase of a powerful swoosh, on the contrary, another two robust baguttes will do their job, rebending lsc to their original cozy status, during which the upper torso can be well accelerated helping boosting velocity of clubhead speed at just impact.

~ rearranged from thesis on teachmeanatomy.info

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