1:2 Achaia, a province of Roman Empire, in the south of Macedonia, part of today's Greek
1:8 Asia, a province of Roman Empire, in today's western Turkey, where Paul suffered so badly that he didn't think he's gonna make it...
1:8 "We" referrs to Paul himself. It was a custom and way of writing in loyal family or journals as first person single being written as plural.
1:23 "As God is my witness, the only reason I didn't come was to spare you pain. I was being considerate of you, not indifferent, not manipulative."
2:5 Maybe the same guy mentioned in 1Co 5:5.
2:16 Who would take on this terrific responsibility? To bring "good news" from God to people for their salvation. Apostles give off aroma redolent with eternal life.
3:9 Paul said the laws, which condemn us weak-willed people, the "makeshift" arrangement.
3:13 The veil, which Moses took on his face, is to cover Moses' face, not to be seen by Irealites that the coruscating glory was fading. Moses wouldn't show any single slight sign of descending of God's power though it was just a "transitional" period. "Even today when the proclamations of that old, bankrupt government are read out, they can't see through it. Only Christ can get rid of the veil so they can see for themselves that there's nothing there."
4:4 Why don't other people believe in God? Paul explained, "They think he can give them what they want, and that they won't have to bother believing a Truth they can't see. They're stone-blind to the dayspring brightness of the Message that shines with Christ, who gives us the best picture of God we'll ever get."
4:7 "...in the unadorned clay pots of our ordinary lives" Paul was a humble servant. In fact, he was brilliant and excellent at his times, both in terms of knowledge and social status!
4:12 "While we're going through the worst, you're getting in on the best!"
4:13 Ps 116:10
5:4 "Compared to what's coming, living conditions around here seem like a stopover in an unfurnished shack, and we're tired of it!"
5:14-15 "One man died for everyone. That puts everyone in the same boat. He included everyone in his death so that everyone could also be included in his life, a resurrection life, a far better life than people ever lived on their own."
6:9 "ignored by the world, but recognized by God"
6:15 Belial = Devil
6:16 Ex 25:8; Lev 26:11; Eze 20:34
6:17 Nu 33:51-56; Isa 52:11
6:18 Jer 31:9
7:14 "If I went out on a limb..., you didn't cut off that limb." = "If I was in a difficult situation..., you wouldn't make me disappointed."
8:3 Donate purely voluntarily, with all your heart, and with generosity.
8:7 Corinthians were articulate, expressing themselves well in the light of spiritual calling and God's work. In other words, they preached well. 1Co 1:5, 12:8
8:11 "Once the commitment is clear, you do what you can, not what you can't." Ecclesiastes 9:10
8:14 The basic concept of commuism or socialism
8:15 Ex 16:18
8:21 Sometimes we might as well pay more attention to what how people think about what we do. Sometimes we do something not only for our sakes, but for other's conviction.
9:6 Pr 11:24-26; 19:17; 22:9
9:9 Ps 112:9
10:2 "Don't think that I'll hesitate a single minute to stand up to those who say I'm an unprincipled opportunist. Then they'll have to eat their words." 保羅嗆聲了！
10:3 "The world is unprincipled. It's dog-eat-dog out there! The world doesn't fight fair. But we don't live or fight our battles that way—never have and never will." Paul is a principled man! He worked as a servant not for his own will, but God's.
10:10 Double-faced dealer? Never! See what Paul explained for what he behaved and thought: 10:12-18
10:12 【那自薦的】means those who boasted they were Paul's "supervisors".
10:18 To say about myself means nothing in God's work. 1Co 4:7
11:5 "Super Apostles" referred to the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Some pseudo "preachers" at Paul's times played factions to make discord between the congrigation and Paul, which made Paul very sad and angry.
11:16 "... Or if you'd rather, just accept that I am a fool and let me rant on a little."
11:18 Paul's got a nerve! 保羅惱羞了。
11:21 "Since you admire the egomaniacs of the pulpit so much (remember, this is your old friend, the fool, talking), let me try my hand at it." Paul said he would willingly compare himself to those imposters if the Corinthians made him do so.
11:23-33 Paul showed strong evidences to prove what a "real" apostle should be like:
1. 5-time 39-lash flogging from Jews
2. 3-time rod punishment from Romans
3. Once rock pummeling
4. 3-time shipwreck, floating drowning in the open sea for a night and a day
5. Years of hard travels
6. River fording
7. Robberies
8. Starving
9. Being naked blasted by cold
10. Without sleep
11. Struggling with foes
12. Endangered by desert sun (and sea storm)
13. Betrayed by fake brothers
14. 11:28 "And that's not the half of it, when you throw in the daily pressures and anxieties of all the churches. When someone gets to the end of his rope, I feel the desperation in my bones. When someone is duped into sin, an angry fire burns in my gut."
15. 11:32-33 Running for his life from getting killed by King Aretas.
12:9 "My grace is enough; it's all you need. My strength comes into its own in your weakness." To think of what I have; don't think of what I have not.
12:16 Even Paul must tolerate such whiffs of gossip and sarcasm.
13:1 A promise is a deal. A witness is an agreement. Dt 19:15
13:8 This might very possibly be a slogan at that times.
1:8 Asia, a province of Roman Empire, in today's western Turkey, where Paul suffered so badly that he didn't think he's gonna make it...
1:8 "We" referrs to Paul himself. It was a custom and way of writing in loyal family or journals as first person single being written as plural.
1:23 "As God is my witness, the only reason I didn't come was to spare you pain. I was being considerate of you, not indifferent, not manipulative."
2:5 Maybe the same guy mentioned in 1Co 5:5.
2:16 Who would take on this terrific responsibility? To bring "good news" from God to people for their salvation. Apostles give off aroma redolent with eternal life.
3:9 Paul said the laws, which condemn us weak-willed people, the "makeshift" arrangement.
3:13 The veil, which Moses took on his face, is to cover Moses' face, not to be seen by Irealites that the coruscating glory was fading. Moses wouldn't show any single slight sign of descending of God's power though it was just a "transitional" period. "Even today when the proclamations of that old, bankrupt government are read out, they can't see through it. Only Christ can get rid of the veil so they can see for themselves that there's nothing there."
4:4 Why don't other people believe in God? Paul explained, "They think he can give them what they want, and that they won't have to bother believing a Truth they can't see. They're stone-blind to the dayspring brightness of the Message that shines with Christ, who gives us the best picture of God we'll ever get."
4:7 "...in the unadorned clay pots of our ordinary lives" Paul was a humble servant. In fact, he was brilliant and excellent at his times, both in terms of knowledge and social status!
4:12 "While we're going through the worst, you're getting in on the best!"
4:13 Ps 116:10
5:4 "Compared to what's coming, living conditions around here seem like a stopover in an unfurnished shack, and we're tired of it!"
5:14-15 "One man died for everyone. That puts everyone in the same boat. He included everyone in his death so that everyone could also be included in his life, a resurrection life, a far better life than people ever lived on their own."
6:9 "ignored by the world, but recognized by God"
6:15 Belial = Devil
6:16 Ex 25:8; Lev 26:11; Eze 20:34
6:17 Nu 33:51-56; Isa 52:11
6:18 Jer 31:9
7:14 "If I went out on a limb..., you didn't cut off that limb." = "If I was in a difficult situation..., you wouldn't make me disappointed."
8:3 Donate purely voluntarily, with all your heart, and with generosity.
8:7 Corinthians were articulate, expressing themselves well in the light of spiritual calling and God's work. In other words, they preached well. 1Co 1:5, 12:8
8:11 "Once the commitment is clear, you do what you can, not what you can't." Ecclesiastes 9:10
8:14 The basic concept of commuism or socialism
8:15 Ex 16:18
8:21 Sometimes we might as well pay more attention to what how people think about what we do. Sometimes we do something not only for our sakes, but for other's conviction.
9:6 Pr 11:24-26; 19:17; 22:9
9:9 Ps 112:9
10:2 "Don't think that I'll hesitate a single minute to stand up to those who say I'm an unprincipled opportunist. Then they'll have to eat their words." 保羅嗆聲了！
10:3 "The world is unprincipled. It's dog-eat-dog out there! The world doesn't fight fair. But we don't live or fight our battles that way—never have and never will." Paul is a principled man! He worked as a servant not for his own will, but God's.
10:10 Double-faced dealer? Never! See what Paul explained for what he behaved and thought: 10:12-18
10:12 【那自薦的】means those who boasted they were Paul's "supervisors".
10:18 To say about myself means nothing in God's work. 1Co 4:7
11:5 "Super Apostles" referred to the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Some pseudo "preachers" at Paul's times played factions to make discord between the congrigation and Paul, which made Paul very sad and angry.
11:16 "... Or if you'd rather, just accept that I am a fool and let me rant on a little."
11:18 Paul's got a nerve! 保羅惱羞了。
11:21 "Since you admire the egomaniacs of the pulpit so much (remember, this is your old friend, the fool, talking), let me try my hand at it." Paul said he would willingly compare himself to those imposters if the Corinthians made him do so.
11:23-33 Paul showed strong evidences to prove what a "real" apostle should be like:
1. 5-time 39-lash flogging from Jews
2. 3-time rod punishment from Romans
3. Once rock pummeling
4. 3-time shipwreck, floating drowning in the open sea for a night and a day
5. Years of hard travels
6. River fording
7. Robberies
8. Starving
9. Being naked blasted by cold
10. Without sleep
11. Struggling with foes
12. Endangered by desert sun (and sea storm)
13. Betrayed by fake brothers
14. 11:28 "And that's not the half of it, when you throw in the daily pressures and anxieties of all the churches. When someone gets to the end of his rope, I feel the desperation in my bones. When someone is duped into sin, an angry fire burns in my gut."
15. 11:32-33 Running for his life from getting killed by King Aretas.
12:9 "My grace is enough; it's all you need. My strength comes into its own in your weakness." To think of what I have; don't think of what I have not.
12:16 Even Paul must tolerate such whiffs of gossip and sarcasm.
13:1 A promise is a deal. A witness is an agreement. Dt 19:15
13:8 This might very possibly be a slogan at that times.
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