自強街87號

人類陰莖海綿體的演進，可以從 "羊膜動物" 類群的胚胎發育觀察開始，在脊索動物門中，羊膜動物 "amniota"，是一群四足脊椎動物，包括合弓類動物 (哺乳類與似哺乳爬行動物) 與蜥形類 (含爬行動物、鳥類)。羊膜動物藉由產卵、胎生等方式繁衍，胚胎由多層膜來保護。在真獸類哺乳動物，更演化出羊膜來包覆胎兒。羊膜動物與兩棲動物的差異在於保護胚胎的膜，與缺乏幼體變形為成體的階段。因為自羊膜動物開始，產生了多樣性變化，例如從幾個代表性生物身上可以一窺端倪，像喙頭蜥 (tuatara) 在胚胎期本來有陰莖，但後來發育卻自行消失、針鼴 (echidna) 有四個陰莖、鴨子 (duck) 的陰莖長度是身長的二倍多，為甚麼會有這樣的差異呢？其產生變化的道理何在？

根據目前科學家的推測，脊索動物，包括人類，陰莖會有各種形變與演化、縮伸，多半與該動物的：1. 交配成功率 (受雄性打鬥死傷、環境天候危險、或交配季節長短等因素影響)、2. 受精著床容易度、3. 胚胎或幼體發育情形有關。例如：體內受精者，才需要陰莖這個器官；針鼴為求百分之百受精成功，具有四具陰莖；鴨子的陰莖極長，因為母體輸卵管彎曲不易著床，且在交配中常有其他雄性干擾與打鬥，導致體內受精失敗，故需極長，方不致鬆脫。

至於為何陰莖是 "海綿體"、而非橫紋肌、平滑肌、甚或骨骼呢？試著窺探造物者的想法，原因應與 "功能必要性" 有關；交配或受精行為，在體內受精動物雄性方而言，其目的乃將精液輸送至卵子處，所需的傳遞工具不必過於堅硬或強韌，故不致於發展到 "肌肉" 的等級。再者，交配行為不同於一般運動，需要強力支撐性能，故不需 "骨骼"。第三，交配行為不同於呼吸、與其他經久持續性的運動需要，陰莖不用於受精時，僅排尿而已，若始終保持堅硬，將導致其他行動的阻礙與空間上的浪費，為便於收藏計，故設計為 "縮伸"，可大可小，易於保管收納，適合間或使用。那麼，海綿體會是眾多體組織中不錯的選擇。

所以結論是：為求成功繁衍下一代，生命體自會尋求一更佳的發育方式來應應環境的變化與干擾，使生命不斷延續。

1. We don't want there to be further bacteria proliferation.
2. Does he have a propensity to exaggeration?
3. The company rejected his creative proposition.
4. She looked carefully at the prospectus of this university.
5. It was a tiny drawback that there's no supermarket in the proximity of this area.
6. The peace treaty between China and Taiwan was finally ratified yesterday.
7. You may find it hard to make her recant.
8. The two companies will sign a reciprocal agreement next week.
9. It's difficult to reconcile their disagreements.
10. In order there to be no recurrence of the same mistake, be alert!
11. With the flat refurbished from the inside out, the landlord rented it out soon.
12. The whole regiment of the workers goes on strike without knowing the reason.
13. The patient was said to regress to the mental age of a three-year-old.
14. The project aims at rehabilitating the physically disabled in the city.
15. The victim has not yet received any reimbursement for the damage.
16. Judging from the situation, she may be relegated to an inferior position.
17. The tax having been remitted, the boss felt much more relaxed.
18. Father reproved his son hard for making such a big mistake.
19. The housewife bitterly resented her neighbor's criticism.
20. She's still dealing with the residual effects of the accident.
21. Be careful with the pesticide residues in the vegetables.
22. Only after they became friends did he realize she keeps reticent about her past.
23. Those followers insist on revering God's teaching.
24. It was not until the manager asked to did she write down all the salient points.
25. The secretary went on vacation without the sanction of the manager.
26. He is savvy about computers.
27. The auditor made a scrupulous inspection of the company's accounts.
28. We don't know what's wrong with the paper shredder.
29. His wealth should be attributed to the shrewdness of investment.
30. The skirting in the office needs painting.
31. The young man was criticized for slacking at work.
32. There will not be much snow on the slantwise roof.
33. Try not to find solace in alcohol if you're unemployed.
34. Several children solicited money from the businessman.
35. The stipendiary priest was actually stingy about lending money.
36. Delivery on arrival has been clearly stipulated in the contract.
37. Well exercise your top storey, and don't make it idle.
38. The traveler stowed some books in his trunk and stowed away in a bus.
39. The acute pain subsided after he took some aspirin.
40. The lawyer doesn't have enough evidence to substantiate the accusation.
41. Up to now the program has yet to make any substantive progress.
42. Please always keep your briefing as succinct as possible.
43. Cut those superfluous remarks in the report before sending it out.
44. There must be a mistake somewhere in her surmise.
45. She had better get rid of those surreal ideas onto the project.
46. There is said to be a tantalizing display of chocolate.
47. Her answer is tantamount to a refusal.
48. The tenure of the mayor in Taiwan should be four years.
49. The former employer provided a testimonial for her.
50. Timeliness is first thing first in media industry.

1. Damages happen often due to the negligence of imminent danger.
2. The applicant's impeccable manners left a good impression on us.
3. The delay of payment would impede the construction work.
4. Do you have any question about the loan implementation?
5. The arena is so imposing that is worth our visiting.
6. Most of the expired documents had been incinerated yesterday.
7. It's incumbent on them to pay the rent.
8. I'm afraid the project will incur the manager's displeasure.
9. Much to my indignation, the manager refused his proposal.
10. The director has already indorsed her opinion.
11. We have no idea whether she is inept at solving the problem.
12. The injured were soon sent to the infirmary.
13. The clerk worried about the influxes of visitors when the telephone rang.
14. The bonus payments will infuse the employees with energy.
15. We obtained an injunction to prevent them from publishing the book.
16. Don't disturb him while he's solving intricate problems.
17. He appears to be laid-back about everything.
18. It's quite normal for a pianist to have occasional lapses at a concert.
19. He excelled at logistics, which made the director satisfied.
20. He mentioned in the meeting the same managerial error made last month.
21. They had a mandate from the union to go on strike.
22. Food in the restaurant appeared to be mediocre.
23. Even though we have been so meticulous in our tasks, the boss's still unhappy.
24. I'd like to buy a personal computer at mid-range prices.
25. He seldom complains about his monotony lifestyle but chooses to adapt to it.
26. The store still has a multitude of problems to deal with.
27. The obstinate clerk would not wince to his demanding boss.
28. It's the secretary that the onus of proof lies with.
29. We found her remarks completely opaque.
30. The manager's presence at the meeting was the most opportune.
31. The industry has been in optimum economic conditions these days.
32. They all wondered if the newcomer could survive the ordeal.
33. Ostensibly a clerk in the ministry, he is actually an intelligence agent.
34. It's said that the company was outgunned by its opponent.
35. We wondered if she can outmaneuver her rival.
36. If they can't pay off the overdraft, I don't know who can.
37. The clerk showed overt hostility to his rival.
38. There seems to be a paradigm for the new employees to copy.
39. Without the patronage of the company, the campaign could not go on well.
40. They stayed in the hotel pending the negotiation.
41. A manager should always be able to make a perceptive judgment.
42. Water has permeated through the room.
43. They have found enough evidence pertaining to the case.
44. Her remarks seem to be not pertinent to the discussion.
45. The construction work postulates on the increase in sales.
46. The play will be premiered in the theater tomorrow evening.
47. Education should not be the prerogative of the rich.
48. The employees cannot stand the pretentious new manager any more.
49. He is responsible for the procurement of necessary materials for the company.
50. The florist offers a profusion of fragrances for customers to choose from.

1. The increasing unemployment has demoralized the workers.
2. Worse still, the failure has made a dent in his pride.
3. You had better not take deterrent measures unless necessary.
4. Frankly speaking, she has got the deuce of a stomachache.
5. It's usually difficult to discern his true intentions.
6. First of all, you should remember to act with discretion.
7. As a matter of fact, the scandal failed to dislodge the mayor.
8. This dismal weather lasted for a whole week.
9. She doesn't know why the tow experiments gave two disparate outcomes.
10. In a sense, they have shown a disposition to acts of violence.
11. The young clerk dissipated much of his time and energy on computer games.
12. The policeman tries to divert traffic during the rush hours.
13. The man whose son is a docent lives alone here.
14. It's quite necessary to downsize the company.
15. The man had no option but to sign a confession under duress.
16. To be frank with you, she was caught eavesdropping our conversation.
17. We cannot understand her eccentric habits.
18. As you say, there is an eerie silence in the darkness.
19. We all felt embarrassed at their effusive thanks.
20. We hope to elicit the truth from her.
21. The technician elucidated the theory with an example.
22. The policeman finally caught the elusive criminal.
23. The government is said to remove an embargo on ships.
24. We are not sure of the port of embarkation.
25. That is to say, there must be a strange empathy between the clerk and his boss.
26. To some degree, the policy has encroached the freedom of speech.
27. What do you think she should do to endear herself to the audience?
28. Who do you say will be engulfed in this project?
29. The program has enlisted much support of her colleagues.
30. A pair of blue gloves has completed her attractive ensemble.
31. Advertising usually entices us into buying goods or services.
32. I have fed up with running errands for my colleagues.
33. You can do whatever you can to expedite the construction.
34. She has nothing to do now, for a computer glitch forces her to stop.
35. The attendants in the hotel won't accept gratuities.
36. They just grit their teeth and persevere, in order that they can win at last.
37. The groundbreaking technology is of considerable gravity.
38. Though our boss is rich, he grudges our spending much money on his food.
39. I won't easily give a guesstimate of our restaurant's annual turnover.
40. Undoubtedly he has all the hallmarks of a fine craftsman.
41. Suppose the news is true, we will be able to harness the solar rays as energy.
42. You had better not give the manager any hassle.
43. If the rain stops, we can go planting some hazels in the garden.
44. To our disappointment, they have not made much headway with the research.
45. She dare not imagine the hideous experience.
46. The company has a clear sense of hierarchy.
47. The young lady has a fifteen percent holding in the company.
48. The manager hustled her into the decision.
49. Surprisingly the director should be so ill-advised to make such a decision.
50. Who will accept the mayor's advice to take on the illicit trade in weapons?

1. Strange to say, after a drinking bout the implacable foes became pals.
2. His fault has brought us to the brink of bankruptcy.
3. The boss bristled with rage at her mistake.
4. Be careful with the brittle china.
5. Please tell me if you're interested in brokering the agreement.
6. Small companies will bear the brunt of the financial crisis.
7. The janitor doesn't know whether he will give the salesman the brush-off.
8. The new employee has buckled down to the task.
9. No one can budge him as long as he makes a decision.
10. The man was accused of stealing millions in gold bullion hidden in beef bouillon.
11. The buoyant mood in the office pleased the boss.
12. Who can calibrate the thermometer in my room?
13. Which hotel will undertake the catering for the wedding party?
14. As to the contract, you have to pay special attention to certain caveats.
15. The manager was always circumspect about this decision.
16. My colleagues finally circumvented the nasty problem.
17. The government's new policy would have much clout with the movie industry.
18. Peter is responsible for collating figures.
19. The firm has to put up its building as collateral for the loan.
20. Her life was simply compartmentalized into work and leisure.
21. We dislike his complacent manner.
22. Even in such a difficult situation, the manager didn't lose his composure.
23. I wonder what excuse she will concoct for being late this time.
24. The director fully concurred with him on the issue.
25. Our measures have to be congruent with changes in the situation.
26. You should be careful with terms that connote disapproval.
27. The power station will be built by a consortium of construction companies.
28. The customers don't buy that the restaurant was constrained to raise the prices.
29. The policy will seriously impose constraint on small companies.
30. I'm afraid that you've wrongly construed my words.
31. The clerk contrived to finish the task on time.
32. Parallel lines converge at infinity.
33. The new employee has been fully conversant with the regulations.
34. Risky undertaking would always be counterbalanced by high rewards.
35. The workers delivered two crates of beers to the supermarket.
36. Since the dress creases easily, pack it with care.
37. The ambassador will present the credentials to the chairman tomorrow.
38. Sailors cringed at the sight of the storm.
39. The teacher could only croak because of her sore throat.
40. The crowdsourcing model has proved to be better than outsourcing.
41. The economic police should be the crux of the argument.
42. The police are quite surprised at the driver's curt answer.
43. I wonder if there's anything wrong with the dashboard.
44. The man was debriefed on the mission before he left the office.
45. Her advice is that you should be deferential to your boss.
46. We dislike the manager's defiant attitude.
47. The director won't be easily deflected from his project.
48. He unluckily got caught in the deluge on his way home.
49. The applicant's gentle demeanor left a good impression on us.
50. They realized that poor management led to the demise of the company.

金色證書等級英翻中兩百五十句：

1. I wonder anything can abash him.
2. Please get some abrasive detergent from the grocery store.
3. The editor spent three fourths of this week to abridge the article.
4. The young man made up his mind to abstain from alcohol.
5. She was tired of those philosophical abstractions.
6. Most of the abstruse theories are clearly explained in this book.
7. Her trousers are accessorized with a silk waistband.
8. He was believed to be the most accident-prone among the new employees.
9. It may take some time to acclimatize yourself to the tropical region.
10. All businessmen should be quite clear about the dollar accountability.
11. We ought to keep an acquisitive mind for learning.
12. The plug needs another adapter for the socket.
13. The clerk was admonished for neglect of duties.
14. There are many young graduates being jobless and adrift in the city.
15. She managed to defeat him as her main adversary in the firm.
16. The old house was soon aflame.
17. Finally the manager agreed to cancel the program, albeit reluctantly.
18. Whether he will pull an all-nighter is up to the date of the coming exam.
19. She is one of the classmates who often keep silent and aloof at the party.
20. You should prepare the accounts for audit within the week.
21. The bus driver braked suddenly, trying to avert an accident.
22. Playing golf is his avocation.
23. No one feels like undertaking the backbreaking task.
24. The company is facing a backlash against the high prices of instruments.
25. The man has a tremendous backlog of work to do for he has two days' leave.
26. Baggy trousers will not be allowed to the party tonight.
27. The secretary had a baguette for breakfast this morning.
28. He is a person who has no ballast.
29. The girl bamboozled us that she would join us for a ride.
30. What we want is the long-term solution, rather than the band-aid.
31. She banters with her friends during the interval.
32. What she will come up with the bareness of the wall is yet unknown.
33. A maid suddenly barged into the meeting room.
34. The audience barracked the actor as he forgot his lines.
35. He fell down and bashed his arm against the desk.
36. The applicant seemed bashful to talk about herself.
37. The clerk begrudged his colleague's promotion.
38. It appears that the director begrudgingly promised to attend the meeting.
39. They are beguiled by the picturesque landscape.
40. It's said that the interviewer's questions bemused him.
41. It's unclear who the generous benefactor of the children's hospital is.
42. She looked around in bewilderment when she entered the room.
43. It's unnecessary to bicker with your boss about such a trivial matter.
44. He has no option but to bide his time.
45. Do you need a biggish office when you become a manager in the future?
46. The driver had a blackout during the accident and could remember nothing.
47. It would be nice of you if you turn off the bland background music.
48. The supervisor is disappointed at the bleak prospect of the fashion industry.
49. We can try if we can contact the chairman of the board of trade.
50. Focus only on the nuts and bolts of the plan, Gentlemen!

(1)
ツアー支給品 PXG BRANDON PUTTER プロトタイプ　【極上品】
大人気の【ＰＸＧ】より非常に高価なステンレス製のミルドパターのご紹介です。
品薄で入手が非常に困難な状況ですが、ツアーからなんとか持ってこれました！

1. administer 253
2. radiator 255
3. constituent 256
4. crook 261
5. integral 269
6. dandruff 271
7. kernel 272
8. truce 278
9. manifesto 279
10. adage 280
11. preside 282
12. outing 299
13. swap 307
14. apparatus 312
15. remainder 313
16. mouthpiece 323
17. magnitude 324
18. pertain 332
19. pertinent 332
20. omen 339
21. toll 340
22. treason 342
23. query 354
24. clamp 360
25. clench 361
26. outset 364
27. diagram 371
28. emphatic 372
29. relinquish 378
30. slum = ghetto 379
31. stature 380
32. confer 386
33. confide 388
34. woo 393
35. raid 395
36. subdue 396
37. repress, depress, suppress, oppress 396
38. speculate 398
39. beckon 399
40. inflict 399
41. ordeal 400
42. repel 401
43. script 404
44. synthesis 407
45. formidable 409
46. outfit 409
47. preoccupy 410
48. quaint 410
49. slash, smack, slap, squash 411
50. sanction 413
51. brink 413
52. mainstay 414
53. dispatch 415
54. cordial 416
55. akin 417
56. indignant 419
57. sever 422
58. hail 422
59. allocate 423
60. enact 423
61. trek 425
62. disperse 426
63. solidarity 427
64. prowl 432
65. bleak 434
66. aftermath 435
67. analects 436
68. appall 439
69. caption 442
70. ecology 445
71. conscientious 447
72. tact 447
73. census 448
74. oust 453
75. glamour 459
76. malaria 467
77. panacea 468
78. piety 469
79. poach 472
80. smother 476
81. raft 478
82. delinquency 480
83. dissident 481
84. bland 482
85. cater 483
86. conceit 484
87. conquest, conquer 484
88. crumble 485
89. disciplinary 487
90. faction 492
91. fling 492
92. galaxy 493
93. mellow 495
94. topple 500
95. relish 501
96. victimize 505
97. vogue 505
98. ravage 505
99. milquetoast 520
100. painter release, tender ticket, muster up ???

1. accrue v.
2. apportionment n.
3. barter v.
4. bawl v.
5. belated a.
6. benchmark n.
7. blunder v.
8. boardroom n.
9. bust n. 半身像
10. collaborate v.
11. cutback in nph.
12. debit n.
13. default n.
14. deploy v.
15. designate v.
16. directory n.
17. disclaim v.
18. dividend n.
19. drape n.
20. dubious a.
21. empower v.
22. envision v.
23. eye-opening a.
24. futile a.
25. garner v.
26. hardline a.
27. henceforth adv.
28. hearafter adv.
29. hitch a lift vph.
30. get hitched vph.
31. hoard v.
32. hood n.
33. hub of commerce nph.
34. hush-hush a.
35. implicit a. 不明確的；絕對的、無疑的
36. implicit consent n. 默許
37. impost n.
38. in-depth a.
39. indicative a.
40. interviewee n.
41. knack n.
42. lead-in a.
43. levy on sth vph. 徵收、扣押
44. liaison n.
45. lightweight a. 無足輕重的
46. live-in a. 住在受雇處的
47. get lumbered with vph. 辛苦的做著... 的苦差事
48. lumber n. 舊家具
49. pallet n.
50. periodical n.
51. phase-in vph. 逐步引入實行
52. porch n.
53. premises pl. 建築物
54. premise v. 以... 為前提
55. prominent a.
56. permanent a.
57. rally v. 召集
58. rascal n.
59. reckon v.
60. reclaim v.
61. retainer n.
62. slump n.
63. tamper v.
64. tangible a. 有形的、可觸及的、明確實在的
65. tantative a. 暫定的、還沒確定的
66. vend v.
67. voucher n.
68. wring v.
69. zillion n.
70. zonk v.

1. swamp 31
2. ensign 33
3. rear admiral 33
4. impetus 37
5. clasp 44
6. scramble 50
7. scrabble 50
8. whisk 63
9. ally 63
10. stake 66
11. tribute 68
12. susceptible 69
13. thrust 75
14. ridge 79
15. flick 82
16. mutter 85
17. gobble 92
18. blot 97
19. roam 105
20. rugged 110
21. procession 111
22. haul 117
23. howl 232
24. bulk 117
25. falter 122
26. artifact 123
27. loom 124
28. clamshell 128
29. stalk 132
30. shudder 135
31. ward 136
32. stoop 138
33. grim 141
34. torrent 141
35. tramp 142
36. mound 144
37. jeer 146
38. taunt 146
39. brooch 152
40. drape 159
41. rustle 161
42. periodical 165
43. stall 165
44. prop 172
45. rascal 179
46. pinch 188
47. wring 189
48. crib 189
49. strap 190
50. snort 190
51. clover 200
52. throng 211
53. creak 220
54. fad 227
55. loft 234
56. oblong 238
57. pane 242
58. pastry 242
59. retort 245
60. simmer 249

"Advice to Youth" is a satirical essay written by Mark Twain (Samuel Clemens) in 1882. He was asked to write something to the youth of America. He talks about six things, including obeying parents selectively, respecting superiors, early to bed and early to rise, the matter of lying, handling firearms, and reading good books.

This essay is a classic example of Juvenalian satire. Juvenalian satire, named after the Roman satirist Juvenal (late 1st century to early 2nd century AD), is more contemptuous and abrasive than the Horatian. Juvenal disagreed with the opinions of the public figures and institutions of the Republic and actively attacked them through his literature. “He utilized the satirical tools of exaggeration and parody to make his targets appear monstrous and incompetent” (Podzemny). Juvenal satire follows this same pattern of abrasively ridiculing societal structures. Unlike Horace, Juvenal attacked public officials and governmental organizations through his satires. He regarded their opinions not just as wrong, but instead as evil. Juvenalian satire thus is more contemptuous and abrasive, and uses strong irony and sarcasm. Polarized political satire is often of this nature, and aims to provoke political and societal change.

Juvenalian satire addresses social evil through scorn, outrage, and savage ridicule. This form is often pessimistic, characterized by irony, sarcasm, moral indignation and personal invective, with less emphasis on humor. Strongly polarized political satire is often Juvenalian. See also: Satires of Juvenal.

A Juvenal satirist’s goal is to provoke some sort of change because he sees his opponent as evil or harmful. A Juvenal satirist mocks “societal structure, power, and civilization” (Thomas). He will do this by exaggerating the words or position of his opponent in order to jeopardize his opponent’s reputation and/or power. Jonathan Swift has been established as an author who “borrowed heavily from Juvenal’s techniques in [his critique] of contemporary English society” (Podzemny). Jonathan Swift—and Juvenalian satire—attempt to punish. 

Thinking Type  語用範圍  
•   Language that express academic thinking 例示

1. Observe & inquire, ask questions & give answers 問學   
•    What…, How…, Would…, Should…, Could…, 何？

國中第四冊英文文法總復習

1. old-er + the old-est, cute-r + the cute-st, big-ger + the big-gest,

heav-ier + the heav-iest, more interesting + the most interesting

2. good -better - the best, bad - worse - the worst,

20150613

學測指考閱讀測驗全攻略

零、閱讀教材年年更新的重要 

2015/05/30

有趣的英文俚語 (Slangs)

俚語的定義

Slang consists of a lexicon of non-standard words and phrases in a given language. Use of these words and phrases is typically associated with the subversion of a standard English and is likely to be interpreted by listeners as implying particular attitudes on the part of the speaker.

"Whistle" by Flo Rida
歌詞翻譯：repentor

(A)

關於我：
一、名稱由來、沿革：幾代？發跡地點？為什麼取名？誰主持？(3000)

二、來源：山區？海拔？製程？員工？(5000)

三、價目：總品項、分類 (價僅分高、中、低即可)

1. 簽書會主持人開場
Welcome to ‘The best seller of the month’ event tonight. I’m thrilled to see so many people have at Noble’s Bookstore. Today is the fifth meeting of the series this year, which gives us a chance to meet a famous author in person every month. In a few minutes, David White who has put his latest collection of poems on the bestseller’s list will be here with us. He is well-known for his beautiful poems about Mother Nature. For our audience tonight, he will talk about his life and career. Afterwards, we’ll get an opportunity to hear him recite one of his favorite poems. That’s not all. There is one more thing to surprise and delight you. After the talk, will pick out 10 people from the audience at random and give them signed copies of his latest bestseller as a present. So, don’t throw away your ticket stubs. Now, please welcome Mr. White.

2. 百貨公司廣播
Attention shoppers. It’s 9:45 p.m. and our department store will be closing soon. Our store will reopen tomorrow morning at 10. If you have any products you would like to buy, please proceed to one of our checkout counters now. If you haven’t found any Christmas presents for your family members yet, why don’t you give them our gift certificate? We have both 10 and 20 dollar gift certificates available at our customer service desk on the second floor. And I’d like to remind you that our business hours will be extended to 11 p.m. form tomorrow. Finally, don’t forget to pick up our free balloons for your kids at the main gate when you walk out of the store. Thanks for shopping at Dave’s today.

James Joyce and the Occult
For many years readers and critics alike have puzzled at the extensive body of references to occult ideas and topics present in James Joyce's Ulysses. One aspect of the difficulty in understanding the references is the very nature of the word "occult" (Latin: occultus, ‘to hide' OED) and the area of knowledge it pertains to--mysticism, hermetism, esoteric Hinduism, and very many other subjects. Because there is no traditional basis for scholarly inquiry into these concepts, especially with regards to Joyce criticism, the implications of a directed research into the occult and how it operates in Ulysses have largely been ignored. It is therefore the aim of this thesis to analyze evidence of the occult in both Joyce's life and his works to investigate the extent to which the occult operates as a narrative and thematic device specifically in Ulysses.

1. introibo ad altare Dei:
Of the Roman Missal (Latin: Missale Romanum), the liturgical book that contains the texts and rubrics for the celebration of the Mass in the Roman Rite of the Catholic Church, which means 'I'm coming to the altar of God.'