189. 「附加問句」 的定義:附加問句的意思表示多指「是不是?」、「對不對?」或「不是嗎?」,為置於直述句後,多為以逗號與前句隔開且為二個字的縮寫短句者稱之。其主要功能為表示說話者對前直述句有不肯定的推測,此時語調上揚、或期望對方認同或肯定其所言,此時語調下降。
主結構為:..., be/aux/not + pn? 共二個位置;前一位置為be動詞或助動詞,若有否定副詞 not ,須縮寫之;後一格為代名詞,多為前直述句之主詞;直述句若為肯定句,則附加問句為否定疑問;反之亦反:
Ron is nice, isn’t he? (志榮為人隨和,不是嗎?)
He will go to Australia for further studying on mechanics, won’t he? (他將赴澳深造機械工程,對不對?)
However, he doesn’t understand much English, does he? (可是他英文還不是很了解,對嗎?)
190. 上述僅為附加問句之一般原則,例外頗多,分述如後:
a. ‘am’ 的否定附加問句:
I am a pupil, am I not? = I am a primary school student, aren’t I? (我是個小學生,不是嗎?)
b. this, that 不可為附加問句之主詞,須以 it 代之;而 there 卻可以:
This is a transformer connector, isn’t it? (這是個變壓器接頭,不是嗎?)
There are many price-worthy motor tuning accessories in Ron’s shop, aren’t there? (志榮店裡有好多超值的機車改裝套件,對不對?)
c. 直述句中若有否定副詞或否定代名詞,視為否定句;此時附加問句須為非否定疑問:
Ron never delays the offering deliveries, does he? (志榮交貨從不逾時,不是嗎?)
We seldom see Ron get mad, do we? (我們很少看見志榮發飆,不是嗎?)
There is nothing that can change Ron’s love for motorbikes, is there? (沒有任何事可以改變志榮對機車的熱愛,難道有嗎?)
We could find nowhere in Australian deserts to fix our bikes, could we? (澳洲沙漠裡根本找不到地方可以修車,不是嗎?)
d. 祈使句的附加問句一律為 ...,will you?
Move the compressor to the right a bit, will you? (把壓縮機往右挪一點兒,好嗎?)
Lift up the front tire, will you? (把前輪抬起來一點兒,可以嗎?)
Don’t touch the tank, will you? The painting’s not totally dried yet. (別摸油箱,好嗎?烤漆還沒乾透呢。)
Let my assistant handle this, will you? (這個讓助理來做,好嗎?)
e. ‘Let’s ...’ 的肯定句形、或有任何表建議意味的句形,附加問句一律為 ..., shall we?
Let’s call Ron, shall we? (打個電話給志榮吧,好嗎?)
Or we can ask Ron to run some motor renting business, shall we? (或者我們可以建議志榮做點機車出租生意,好不好?)
f. ‘Let’s not ...” 的附加問句,一律為 ..., all right?
Let’s not go for a ride on stormy days, all right? (暴風雨天別兜風了吧,好嗎?)
g. 肯定直述句主句中若有 ‘may’ 且作 「可以」 解時,附加問句助動詞為 mustn’t:
We may use the telephone at Ron’s store, mustn’t we? (可以用志榮店裡的電話吧,難道不行嗎?)
h. 主子句並存時,附加問句從主句:
If you don’t clean the carburetor, even the best spark plug won’t work well, will it? (化油器要是不清的話,用再好的火星塞也沒多大效果,不是嗎?)
You don’t get a clue unless Ron shows you the catch, do you? (志榮要是不告訴你竅門,你是絕對搞不懂的,對嗎?)

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    repentor

    關於愛,我是個小學生。

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